In this article, I will elucidate and discuss with references the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria. Federalism in Nigeria refers to the devolution of self-governance by the West African nation of Nigeria to its federated states, who share sovereignty with the Federal Government . 7 Topics Revenue Allocation in Nigeria | Week 9. Therefore, the problem with federalism in Nigeria is the mix-application or non-application of this clause especially as it has to do with power distribution (Awa, 1977). The Complete Material Will Be Sent To Your . The chief architect of this theory is Riker. Edeh Samuel Chukwuemeka ACMC, is a Law Student and a Certified Mediator/Conciliator in Nigeria. Asst. 3l:rmO"XDhG%2| Useful tips on how to download from YouTube using SS, 10 most delicious Nigerian dishes for dinner, "Youve admitted election was flawed", Atiku replies Tinubu campaign, Whitney Adeyemi: Protest Hits Lagos as Residents Besiege Chrisland School, Long Fulani tribal braids: 30 beautiful styles to try out, Old Naira notes: 5 key things to know about Supreme Court's final verdict, "Precious don finish work": Little girl with 'anointing' prays passionately over food as mum watches, video trends. This paper recommends that there should be an overhaul of the political system through constitutional amendment process to expunge provisions that negate federalism and provide for implementation of true federalism. This was a period when long efforts were made to identify the legal relationships between the Leagues and the City States (Mogi, 1931:21). a system of state organization, to bring a workable polity with a just moral order is the reason why states adopt or should adopt federalism. Reasons for the Adoption of Federalism in Nigeria | LearnAllinfo But nigeria today became the proudable and bearable country, |4-Iv ideology, federalism becomes the only solution to ensure peace and unity amongst the. Hon. Many Nigerian ethnic groups began to agitate for their own states. Air Plan Approval; Texas; New Source Review Updates for Project Nigeria as a result was divided into three provinces. 3. The calls for restructuring have been louder particularly from the southern part of Nigeria. Nigeria is a plural society of over 250 tongues and tribes. He rejects the assertion that /BitsPerComponent 8 It forays into the inherent issues underlying the Biafran movement and the ways in which those issues, as well as Biafran agitation, are inimical to Nigeria's development. Emphasis on indigeneity, the federal revenue allocation formula and the increasing formalization of the 'federal character' principle, to mention only a few issues, increase sources of tensions and potential conflicts. 7 Reasons for Federalism in Nigeria: Why Nigeria Adopted - Bscholarly (PDF) Federalism as a Political Ideology and System of Government: The It needs proper review so that the country can move forward as a nation. It is not surprising that Nigeria in its 55 years of political sojourn has tried different forms of federalism. In his judgment, Ogundare JSC agreed that the provisions to Sections 162(2) of the constitution re-stabilized the principle of derivation. Federalism shares power between the central and regional governments; thus promoting efficiency in service delivery and governance. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) is publishing this proposed rule to revise HUD's regulations for branch office registration requirements. This notwithstanding, the concept of federalism boasts of a very popular definition by an American scholar, K.C. It argues that although deficient in popular sovereignty, the Constitutions legitimacy is moot since it is the operative law that governs the country. The Plural nature of Nigeria: Nigeria is a plural society of over 250 tongues and tribes. >> >> It is believed by many that this was one of the reasons why Nigeria adopted a federalist system. 1 Issue 2, BETWEEN THE PRISMS OF NECESSITY AND LEGALITY - THE IPOB PROSCRIPTION IN CONTESTATION_pp.43-57, RE-THINKING BIAFRA IDEOLOGY OF SELF-DETERMINATION IN NIGERIA, A (UN)JUST AND (UN)HOLY WAR? It discovered a positive relationship between the changes in the fiscal structure and the aggravation of ethnic minorities' struggles. The paper suggested that fiscal and political restructuring as panacea for the instituted conflicts and underdevelopment caused by quasi federalism through ongoing review of the 1999 constitution. On the contrary it has also been suggested that is created more diversity and conflict for the nation to grapple with. Local Government In Nigeria : Definition, Functions, And Importance, Bad Leadership Causes, Effects And Solutions In Nigeria, How To Calculate OAU Aggregate Score for Admission, Best Education Websites and Blogs In Nigeria (2021), Lakzeland Regional High School Board Of Education, Student Loan Planning Educational Webinar With Justin Rice, Is Agricultural Chemicals a Good Career Path? Besides this desire, there was also the presence of certain socio-economic conditions (Babalola, 2013 . Moreover, it is important to note that most of the ethnic groups in Nigeria had strong political inter-group relationship before colonial rule. Defence, Security, Economy and Development, Chigozirim Odinkalu, Ebenebe Ernest Onyeka, Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies (eJECS), International Journal of Research in Economics and Social Sciences(IJRESS), Glocalism: Journal of Culture, Politics and Innovation, African Journal of Governance and Development, Calabar Journal of Politics and Administration. PDF Introduction: Federalism in Nigeria - JSTOR Payment Details. In other not to control only some parts of the big country, Nigeria, the colonial masters thought it wise to divide the country into different component units that will be represented in the government. Other specific reasons for the increasing demand for decentralisation are: Central governments increasingly are finding that it is impossible for them to . Put differently, revenue sharing has become a recurrent crisis factor in Nigeria. } !1AQa"q2#BR$3br The Plural nature of Nigeria. In a Unitary system, the minority states cannot govern the entire region which is controlled by majority. FOR CLIENTS OUTSIDE NIGERIA. Critically, after that train, every other train went to Nigeria from Nigeria, indicating the enormity of the wall of enmity demarcating Nigeria from the sovereign State of Biafra. Dear Chidera, federalism allows the creation of ethnic-based federating units (States). Trouble for INEC staff who violated Electoral Act during presidential polls as c 53 things to do with your boyfriend: fun ways to spend time together, Presidential election: Jack-Rich salutes Tinubu, Shettima over victory, Maritime workers hail Supreme Court over old naira notes, says cargo can now leave ports, Dating apps in Nigeria: best applications to help you find the one. Why do nations federate?, what are the factors or conditions to have necessitated the adoption of federalism?, how is a federation to be organized?, how is power to be shared between the levels of government in a federation?, is federalism a means to an end or an end itself?, why do some federations succeed and others fail?. (Pdf) Fiscal Federalism and Local Government Financial Autonomy in ICT services have help in the improvement of the markets, reduction in transaction costs and increase . /Filter /DCTDecode document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Reasons for the Adoption of Federalism in Nigeria. Fiscal federalism, sub-national revolts and internal colonialism in Nigeria Federal System of Government/Federalism | Week 8. Federalism Complicates the Response to the COVID-19 Health and Economic June 1,2022 I love this article,very educating and interesting The 1951 constitution gave more strength to regionalism with the creation of two chamber legislation in the northern and western Nigeria. (eds. But besides these three major tribes, there are over 350 other smaller tribes with diverse languages and dialects. government and the governed by enhancing political cohesion in such country with regional, ethic, racial, linguistic and cultural diversity like Nigeria. The possible reasons for the practice of federalism in Nigeria are several, and have, for instance, been presented as British imposition targeted at a post-colonial relationship, or as a. According to Ayoade (2009:iii): Nigerians have come to identify the first republic 1960- 66 as the golden age of federalism in Nigeria. 1. There must exist supremacy of the constitution, which implies that laws passed by the authority in the federal arrangement, if contrary to the constitution shall be declared to be ultra votes. Also read: Highest paying law firms in Nigeria. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply. Federalism - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Mainly of telling who is who in a given society. %PDF-1.5 Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. endobj You can download the paper by clicking the button above. >> The Emergence of Nigeria as a political entity under colonial rule was not an easy affair. Abacha regime, added more states making Nigeria a federation of 36 states and Federal capital Territory at Abuja. SjHw`d"*z;3N&W3k]:}N\t+5 (Nw3hW"T"aDV$V e. Check your inbox to be the first to know the hottest news. 2012, Issues and Trends in Nigeria's Development. CLICK HERE To Pay With Debit Card ($15) GHANA - Make Payment of 80 GHS to MTN MoMo, 0553978005, Douglas Osabutey. Resource control: 3.7 7. +roiF9_? AK ku nh4P9\ }}31Ik "V mk@G~ . Promoting an awareness of federalism - University of the Philippines 2013 PP.100-107, This paper explores the issue of unification federalism in Nigeria, which has been an obstacle to peace, development and threats to security .The findings from an extensive reading of related materials suggest that, the root of contemporary political conflict and underdevelopment in Nigeria political landscape shows clearly in the area of imbalance political structures that were established before and after independence. Federalism in Canada - Canada.ca 7 Cooperative federalism was dominant from the 1930s through the 1970s. Federalism therefore involves the linkage of individuals, groups and policies in lasting but limited union in such a way as to provide for the energetic pursuit of common goals while maintaining the respective integrities of all parties. Regrettably, this system is founded on a militarily-conceived constitution lacking a fully enforceable bill of rights and clear governmental functions. You are already subscribed to our newsletter! Federalism in Nigeria can be traced to Sir Frederick Lord Lugard, when the Northern and Southern protectorates were amalgamated in 1914. Biafrans who are geographically in the South and SouthEast of Ni-geria feel and believe that their economic and developmental prowess are not well represented in the Nigerian state, and this lack of representation leads to marginalization. The history of Ijaw, Edo, Igala, Yoruba, Igbo, Nupe and Hausa Kingdoms are enriched with social-political relationships that existed before the emergence of the white man. The USA and Canada were formed with the above interest at heart. The governmental powers are shared between the federal government and the thirty-six state governments. Federalism in Nigeria refers to the devolution of self-governance by the West African nation of Nigeria to its federated states, who share sovereignty with the Federal Government. %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz In Nigeria, it could be argued that our federal system of government is the creation of British colonialism. Not minding the general relevance of these coinages, an arduous task lies in properly assessing their specific impacts in a given political enclave. So, without wasting much time, what is a federal system of government? Nigeria is quite a big country with an area of 923,768 km2. To learn more, view ourPrivacy Policy. Over the years, it is quite obvious that Nigeria is one of the few countries that adopted federal system of Government in Africa, a system that envisages autonomy for every sect of its authorities (federal, state and local government respectively). << This duplicity of government is not alien to a federal structure as identified, except that in the Nigerian case, there is ineffable strife for dominance. Granted is the fact that federalism was launched in Nigeria by expatriate leaders, its continued existence since independence is standing firm on the interest of the indegeneous leaders. Federalism | PDF | Federalism | Decentralization It concluded that the interplay of these variables leads to the degeneration of the national question and. By way of conclusion, it is imperative to know that the reason why Nigeria is still practicing federalism today is because the system seems to be suitable for our political value and culture. The advanced economies where Nigeria had borrowed leaves from, such as USA practice federalism. or this it really helped me, Your email address will not be published. American Federalism - 56 American Federalism 2 Listen to Chapter 2 on Have you ever wondered why Nigeria is practicing a federal system of government and not any other system? Voter Turnout, Voting Behavior and Democratic Consolidation in Nigeria By Professor Sakah Saidu Mahmud Kwara State University, Malete 1. By the time Nigeria became a republic, the system of federalism was adopted and the country was considered as a federation of three regions. The federal system adopted in 1954 comprised a national government and three regional governments: Eastern, Northern, and Western. In the case of Nigeria - how the oil money will be (in)judiciously dealt with. Keywords: Civil war, Secession, Self-determination, Nationalism and Restructuring, This work critically examines the issues undermining the unification of Nigeria, using indicators and concepts including failed state, separatist agitation and insecurity. (PDF) Intricacies and paradoxes federalism and secessionism in Nigeria With the total area of 923,768 km, Nigeria can not justifiably be administered by a lone leviathan from the top. Federalism in Nigeria refers to the devolution of self-governance by the West African nation of Nigeria to its federated states, who share sovereignty with the Federal Government. The states' territories were formed around ethnic groups with common interest and close ties, culture, and dialects. /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB Problems of Nigerian Federalism | Nigerian Federalism Do you want to know the basis and the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria? The origin of federalism in Nigeria can be traced to the colonial era. As a result of this, it has brought about the cry of the minorities clamoring for their own state. We can offhandedly list all of the reasons for the adoption of federal system in Nigeria. Post-independence creation of states and further division of states created after independence was done as a framework for the development of Nigeria. In light of this, a constitution is said to be federal when its operates two levels of government, that is the federal and state, and each of this level exercise its different powers without interference by the other level. /Length 3884 PDF Fiscal Federalism in Nigeria: Theory and Dimensions Nigeria is quite a big country with an area of 923,768 km2. Section 10 of the constitution rule outs the adoption of any religion as a state religion either. By using our site, you agree to our collection of information through the use of cookies. Federalism has been present in Nigeria since the former British colony was reorganized into a federation of three regions in 1946. Evidently, Nigerias political culture was federalism friendly and that gave rise to easy adoption of federalism. 7 Topics . Fiscal Federalism and Democratic Governance in Nigeria - I. O. Taiwo 2004 Federalism was implemented in Nigeria as way back as 1946 during the British colonial era. The benefits of federalism are that it can encourage political participation, give states an incentive to engage in policy innovation, and accommodate diverse viewpoints across the country. However, the practice of fiscal federalism in Nigeria is a negation of true federalism. This paper consequently argues that the anxiety as well as angst attributable to this agitation has the tendencies of not only disrupting the relative-peace presently enjoyed by the various groups, but is also, if not controlled, capable of plunging the country into a state of economic comatose and perpetual fragility. First, how to properly place peoples, better still - indigenes and ethnic groupings, in their relevant socio-economic categories; that is, in line with the oil windfalls. Political culture of Nigeria: 3.4 4. Instead of designing a government that should unite the different elements in Nigeria, the colonialists fully adopted federal stem of government in 1954 and created greater regional autonomy. 7 Functions of Nigerian Federalism - Information Guide in Nigeria What were the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria? So majority if not all of them were in favor of a federalist system of governance. Federalism And Intergovernmental Relations In Nigeria. The states were later increased to 30 states. One of the major reasons why countries choose federalism is because of size. "There are reasons why some nation-states opt for federalism. 7. /Width 371 Even the masses in the rural areas of the country are allowed to participate in politics by electing their representatives into office. This prototype edition of the daily Federal Register on FederalRegister.gov will remain an unofficial informational resource until the Administrative Committee of the Federal Register (ACFR) issues a regulation granting it official legal status. Again, in 1967 twelve states were created to appease the interest of those clamoring for states and weaken the geo-political holds of Biafra. And this is one of the factors responsible for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria. In order to examine these issues, this paper adopted qualitative research and intrinsic approach methodology, along with relative deprivation theory. /Type /XObject The possible reasons for the practice of federalism in Nigeria are several, and have, for instance, been presented as British imposition targeted at a post-colonial relationship, or as a. This book was released on 2022-09-16 with total page 197 pages. It will schock you to know Nigerias adoption of federalism was also in the interest of the leaders. These maladies have led to a renewal of the call for secession by the South-Eastern ethnic group of Nigeria for a Republic of Biafra, on the basis that they are being short-changed in the political cum socio-economic largess accumulating from the Centre. local government autonomy.docx - CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION The main goal of the Convention was to revise the Articles of Confederation, the agreement that governed the 13 colonies and was adopted by the Continental Congress on November 15, 1777, shortly after the end of the Revolutionary War . Nigeria is a plural society of over 250 tongues and tribes. In my view, federalism is a good system for Nigeria. To learn more, view ourPrivacy Policy. The construct of federalism, which originates with the concept of intergovernmental relations, dates back to the Greek civilization.